Monday, February 26, 2018

Is God Moral?




                         

I’m sure most have heard the maxim ‘The road to hell is paved with good intentions’ but I suspect few have actually considered the implications of this simple adage.  What you intend – your intent - can only be determined by what you actually willfully do.  An intention is not necessarily what you planned to do (saying so does not make it so) rather it is determined by a wilful deed.   Most often, of course, we do what we intend and our deeds succeed.  What is disturbing is that this maxim is telling us that the road to hell may well be littered with our good deeds and most certainly the good deeds of others.   Considered in this light are we obliged to reassess our moral compass?  Are some of our good deeds superfluous or insufficient?  It depends - on whether you are trying to avoid going to hell. 


For many the concept of Hell is mythological so they have no reason to fear what is waiting around the corner.  Their good deeds contribute to their self-esteem, enrich the lives of others and produce a warm feeling of satisfaction.  Their good deeds contribute in some small way to the well-being of the world.  Too bad that they, unwittingly, will eventually be forced to sojourn in God’s flaming dustbin.


“How can that be?” You say, “This surely describes a morality we all would do well to follow.”  Yes, but no.  God’s Ten Commandments are not about morality.  “But my Pastor says…..”  Your Pastor is wrong.  “But Jesus Christ said ‘Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.’” (Matt22:39)  Christ was not talking to you.  He was repeating six of the Ten Commandments to a rich man.  We need to understand the function of God’s Commandments to understand Christ’s purpose in repeating them.  They function to set believers right with God, and, only as a corollary, with the people they encounter.


Here we must pause to ask: ‘What was God’s ‘purpose’ when he offered His Ten Commandments to his chosen people and how do they function to serve His purpose?’  I think it is clear that God’s purpose was to provide His people with the means to share their spiritual lives with Him.  Their bodies will pass away but their conscious spiritual being will reside with its maker.  We must remember that God’s Ten Commandments are nor orders believers must fulfill or rules they must obey.  Rather, they are instructions to follow; acts of worship that are like a recipe that when carried out will change the entire being of the believer.  Worship is not expected to be a task, rather it is carried out as an experience; an immersion that cleans the spirit and prepares it for acceptance by God.  



Denis Prager argues: “In three thousand years no one has ever come up with a better system than the God-based Ten Commandments for making a better world. And no one ever will.” (.”Prager, Dennis. The Ten Commandments: Still the Best Moral Code)   But the debate between believers and atheists on how our sense of morality comes to us; whether it is God-given or results from our intellectual capacity misses the point of the Ten Commandments.  The world is not better for our having the Ten Commandments nor was it intended to be.  If the Commandments were designed to make a better world why didn’t God give them to everybody; Egyptians, Sumerians, Phoenicians, Canaanites, Hittites etc.?   Why only his chosen people?  His chosen people were not a particularly good choice.  Their story is rife with failure to maintain their covenant with God; returning again and again to old habits of idol worship learned from the Egyptians.   God made the best of all possible worlds for us. It would have been better if it had not been peopled.   We have the world we deserve.  How many of us adhere to God’s Commandments and how many of us ask God for forgiveness when we make a misstep.  I suspect many just shake off their failings and promise themselves (not God) they will do better next time. 


While believers hold that worship and forgiveness is the key to finding favor with God, for others the failure to keep God’s Commandments is merely a religious problem.  For these persons, God does not exist and while their moral principles may overlap some of the Commandments they tend to shy away from any suggestion that the Commandments are the source of their morality.  This is partly because evangelical profiteers find currency in chastising those who flaunt religious dogma and fail to acknowledge the existence of a supreme being.  These so-called godless persons, who nevertheless practice goodwill toward others, resent the ‘holier than thou’ attitude of evangelical entrepreneurs.  Consequently, they attack the idea that the Ten Commandments is the source for Western ideas of morality.  They argue that goodwill toward all is not a religious idea, indeed, there are some exclusive religions that pursue a contrary practice.   They insist that the growth and development of democratic ideas, first established in Ancient Greece, promote notions of equality, fairness and the freedom to pursue an unhindered destiny which are the cornerstones of Western morality and, in part, they are right.  But this is not the full story.  Adam and Eve obtained knowledge of good and bad as a result of their sin and all of us inherited this knowledge.  They and we gained the ability to weigh up different situations to determine what was good and what was bad about them which is the foundation of morality.     Atheists argue that good and bad are not absolute terms, they rely on context and as a consequence morality relies on context.   Theists argue that God is the absolute good and the measure of morality.


But God, in establishing a covenant with his chosen people, was pursuing a different course by insisting they abide by his Ten Commandments. What is most abhorrent to God is selfishness.  God will not and cannot abide a person with even a faint tinge of selfishness; it is an unnatural condition that is contrary to His Being.   A selfish person cannot worship God because if they are concerned with self they cannot be concerned with God. This is why Christ tells them: “Therefore I say unto you, take no thought for your life, what ye shall eat or what ye shall drink; nor yet for your body, what ye shall put on.  Is not the life more than meat, and the body more than raiment?” (Matt 6:25)   Christ does not desire that his audience starve themselves or run naked through the wilderness, rather he wants them to turn to God for their needs: “But seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness, and all these things shall be added unto you.” (Matt 6:33)  To be concerned for your own welfare without acknowledging that your life comes from God is to be selfish.  Appealing to God for your needs is an act of worship; a recognition of God’s supreme power.


 To transgress any one of God’s commandments is also an act of selfishness which is why we are told by James (2:10): ‘For whosoever shall keep the whole law, and yet offend in one point, he is guilty of all.’  All of God’s commandments are designed to show us how to avoid selfishness.  Logically a loving, caring God cannot accommodate selfishness for God is self-consistent.  There can be no part of Him that is selfish.  Selfishness reflects a character trait that is most obvious in many wealthy persons.  It is the opposite of love.   But as we are all sinners we are all guilty of succumbing to selfishness at one time or another.  The asking for forgiveness is an act of worship and a recognition that we need God’s help to put right our relationship with Him.  For it is God which worketh in you both to will and to do His good pleasure.(Phil 2:13)   We should ask for forgiveness to remove the scourge of our selfishness. 


‘Is God Moral?’ is not a question we can ask of God.  Morality is a human proclivity and God, the supreme or ultimate reality, cannot be anthropomorphized.  Prominent atheist relish the ability to (falsely) accuse God of promoting genocide and ethnic cleansing. They cite Noah’s flood, Sodom and Gomora and the destruction of other Canaanite cities but when we look closely at the people God is destroying we discover peoples who are beyond saving; peoples who transgress all of God’s laws and indulge in all manner of abominations.  God wants to protect his chosen people and leave no chance that the seed of those who live in the land He has given to his people will survive to infect them.  All must be destroyed. 


I have argued elsewhere that God knows our future because it has already happened.  God does not exist in our time or space, He is eternal.  We will not catch up to our future until the end of days.  Einstein’s theory of relativity demonstrates that time on earth is different from time in space and beyond. (see Schroeder, Gerald. Genesis and the Big Bang Theory: The Discovery of Harmony Between Modern Science And The Bible. Random House Publishing Group. Kindle Edition 2011.)
God is always now, there is no past or future with Him.  Consequently, God knows what choices we will make just as God knew what selfish choices the people of Canaan will have made.  He knows that the children of Canaanites will follow their parent’s path so all must be slain.  They are not punished, they are resolved of their pathological state.  He knows that they will rise again at the end of days for their final judgment.  God talks to humans as humans talk.  God loves Himself and as we are part of God He necessarily loves us.  We bask in the joy of being part of God.  What sort of God would it be who didn’t love Himself, Who did not believe that Himself was the highest form of love?  Let’s look at his commandments:
“I am the Lord thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.
1.    Thou shalt have no other gods before me.

2. Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the Lord thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me; And shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my commandments.
Most persons, if they are of a mind, can comply with the first two Commandments with little difficulty.   It is atheists and the ignorant who are thought to follow this road to perdition.  The worship of idols is selfish because offerings to idols is an attempt to gain for the worshiper what only God can give.  The concern is not for God but for the self.
3. Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain; for the Lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain.
  The taking of God’s name in vain is selfish; an act of vanity that inversely demonstrates an inflated pride in oneself promoting God’s name to be worth little.  Slanderers defile themselves by their own words.
4. Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work: But the seventh day is the Sabbath of the Lord thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates.
The Sabbath was made for man to rest his body and provide time to contemplate the blessings God has provided but it is not a restriction forcing believers to ignore the special needs they encounter.  Christ allowed his disciples to harvest ears of corn (actually hard grain sometimes translated as corn) on the Sabbath to satisfy their hunger.  It is important to remember the Sabbath as a holy day reminding all to give thanks to God.  To ignore the Sabbath is obviously selfish.
5. Honour thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee.

“For God commanded saying, Honour thy father and mother: and He that curseth father or mother, let him die the death.” (Matt 15:4)    Christ warns against those who use perverse methods to avoid using their money to support their parents such as the Jewish tradition of Corban – where some dedicate all their money to God which provides them the opportunity to use the money while they live but because it is technically God’s money they can avoid the obligation prescribed by the 5th Commandment.  Clearly a selfish act.  The death that He speaks of is the second death at the end of time.  The first death we all shall experience for we all are sinners; we all are transgressors of God’s law.  Those who do not sin do not die.  This was made clear when Adam and Eve first sinned.  Genesis 2: 17 but as for the tree of knowledge of good and bad, you must not eat of it; for as soon as you eat of it, you shall die.” (TANAKH 1985).  God is not describing a punishment in 2:17, rather he is describing a logical necessity.  The punishment Adam and Eve received was banishment from God’s Garden in Eden.  Death comes about as a result of being a transgressor of God’s law.  It is not a punishment, it is a necessary condition of being.  Adam and Eve were selfish and those who are selfish do not worship God.  They hold themselves to be above God (whether they know it or not) and are necessarily incompatible with God.  If we are incompatible with God we cannot join him when time ceases to exist.


God’s Ten Commandments did not just appear as a result of Moses needing a moral means to control his people.  The Ten Commandments have always existed.  "Where no law is, there is no transgression [or sin]." Romans 4:15. God is not temporal nor is his word.  There is no past or future with God for everything is now, everything has always existed.  Death is merely a means to the end.

6. Thou shalt not kill.

The 6th commandment forbids ‘killing’ but Christ interprets this to mean ‘murder’.  “Thou shalt do no murder,” (Matt 19:18)   Killing may be justified or it may be an accident but murder is a paradigmatic selfish act.
7. Thou shalt not commit adultery.
8. Thou shalt not steal.
9. Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour.
10. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbor’s
 So too is adultery, which is to be culpable of intemperate, possessive carnal desires.  Loving intimacy is by definition not selfish.  Lying, thieving and covetousness; desiring or taking what belongs to another.  All of which infest the heart and disease the mind.    A person who steals bread because he and his family are starving does not have selfishness in his heart nor does the person who states a falsehood to protect a child from cruelty.  Deliberate lying in such a case is not selfish.   It is what is in the heart that is the final determination of a selfish act.  Lust, of course, leads to adultery and greed to covetousness.  Both are selfish desires.  When we allow our desires and urges to rule our behaviour we are selfish and separate ourselves from God  

©Launt Thompson                                                                                                                                          Auckland 2018                                                                                                                                                           New Zealand                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                      
   


















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